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For small components formally apply charged particles (ions and electrons), which form a very important area atmosphere - the ionosphere. When the reply to the main question we should Aeronomy explore different micro-processes that occur in the atmospheric gas and controlling behavior of all of the parameters we are interested in the first question. These are primarily microprocesses ionization and dissociation of particles of atmospheric gas by external sources (solar radiation, intruding into the atmosphere particles, etc.), various chemical transformation of one particle to another, molecular and ambipolar diffusion. Large-scale dynamic processes, such as wind, drift, different waves should probably be considered as a subject of study only aerodynamic to the extent that in some cases, as we now understand it, they influence the composition and structure of the upper atmosphere. Such offers readers understanding of the subject Aeronomy. As to the exact determine the boundaries of high-rise "scope" Aeronomy, the situation is not less complicated. We consider in this book the height of 50 - 60 km to several hundred kilometers, where the major problems are concentrated and Aeronomy (the formation of the ionosphere, dissociation of oxygen, nitrogen oxide photochemistry, excited particles, etc.) in its classical sense. Today, however, a book about the aeronomy unthinkable without discussion aerodynamic problems such as ozone issue of concern to all humanity, so We devote her one of the sections, although this in our story, and we have go down to a height of 20 - 30 km. So Aeronomy with buildings and physical chemistry of the upper atmosphere. At the description of a new direction in science first question is: why have to do it, wondering why develop this area of expertise? Indeed, in our time, any line of research should bear the burden of a current concern, to contribute to the solution of urgent problems of science, technology and the economy. How did The situation in this respect deals with Aeron? Our time - a time of rockets and satellites (AES), it Every schoolchild knows.